Evidence of polygenic adaptation to high altitude from Tibetan and Sherpa genomes
نویسندگان
چکیده
منابع مشابه
Metabolic basis to Sherpa altitude adaptation.
The Himalayan Sherpas, a human population of Tibetan descent, are highly adapted to life in the hypobaric hypoxia of high altitude. Mechanisms involving enhanced tissue oxygen delivery in comparison to Lowlander populations have been postulated to play a role in such adaptation. Whether differences in tissue oxygen utilization (i.e., metabolic adaptation) underpin this adaptation is not known, ...
متن کاملTibetan and Andean patterns of adaptation to high-altitude hypoxia.
Understanding the workings of the evolutionary process in contemporary humans requires linking the evolutionary history of traits with their current genetics and biology. Unusual environments provide natural experimental settings to investigate evolution and adaptation. The example of high-altitude hypoxia illustrates some of the progress and many of the remaining challenges for studies of evol...
متن کاملAndean and Tibetan patterns of adaptation to high altitude.
OBJECTIVES High-altitude hypoxia, or decreased oxygen levels caused by low barometric pressure, challenges the ability of humans to live and reproduce. Despite these challenges, human populations have lived on the Andean Altiplano and the Tibetan Plateau for millennia and exhibit unique circulatory, respiratory, and hematological adaptations to life at high altitude. We and others have identifi...
متن کاملKing of the mountains: Tibetan and Sherpa physiological adaptations for life at high altitude.
Anecdotal evidence surrounding Tibetans' and Sherpas' exceptional tolerance to hypobaric hypoxia has been recorded since the beginning of high-altitude exploration. These populations have successfully lived and reproduced at high altitude for hundreds of generations with hypoxia as a constant evolutionary pressure. Consequently, they are likely to have undergone natural selection toward a genot...
متن کامل' Adaptation to High Altitude
Hypoxia is inconsequential for physiologically fit persons below an effective altitude of 2640 metres. At higher altitudes, the adaptation is brought about by four main factors, viz., hyperventilation, increased diffusion of oxygen across alveolar membrane, erythrocythemia and maintenance of body hydration. Carbon dioxide sensitivity is markedly elevated at high altitude, both in sojourners and...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Genome Biology and Evolution
سال: 2018
ISSN: 1759-6653
DOI: 10.1093/gbe/evy233